Throughout your engineering academic and professional career you 
will need to perform numerous calculations and  generate graphs 
of data collected from field tests or laboratory tests.  Spreadsheet
 programs provide an extremely flexible tool which you can use in
 many different applications.  There are a number of different 
spreadsheets: MS Excel, Borland Quatro Pro, Lotus 123, ….   If 
you know how to use one spreadsheet program, the others are quite
 simple.  We will be using MS Excel in this course.

WORKBOOK and WORKSHEET LAYOUT
Most current spreadsheet programs have gone to a Workbook/Worksheet
 format.  A workbook consists of several individual spreadsheets 
which are categorized by tabs at the bottom of the window (defaults
 to sheet1, sheet2, …).  The individual sheets consist of "cells" 
which are identified by a row and a column.  The rows in the spreadsheet
 denoted by numbers while the columns are denoted by letters.  There
 are 16384 rows in an individual sheet.  The columns begin with A 
and run through the alphabet (A-Z), after which the columns begin 
double lettering (AA, AB,…AZ, BA,BB,…BZ, CA…).  The maximum column
 label is IV (256 columns).    A cell can contain a number, text, 
a cell reference, or an equation.  

You can move around the cells in the spreadsheet by either placing 
the mouse over the desired cell and clicking the left mouse button
 or using the arrows on the keyboard.  There are scroll bars on the 
right side and the bottom of the screen to move to cells off the screen.  
You can also switch between sheets by selecting the appropriate tab at
 the bottom of the window.  We will see that in addition to having 
individual sheets we will also be creating graphs or charts as 
ndividual "sheets" as well.  If you don’t like the name sheet1, 
sheet2,…, you can rename individual sheets by placing the mouse 
over the tab and holding down the right mouse button and choosing
 RENAME.  This will allow you to change the name to describe what 
the sheet or graph contains.  The arrows at the left end of the sheet
 tabs allow you to move to other sheet tabs.  

SHEET AND CELL FORMATING 
The basic Menu Bar of Excel has many similar features as that we’ve
 already used in Word and PowerPoint.  When you start using Excel you
 may wish to set the preferences for the cell format by choosing Options
 under the Tools Menu.  A pop-up panel will appear from which you should
 choose the General Tab.  You can set the default font and font size as
 well as the default file location.  In order for these changes to take
 effect you need to exit and restart the program.  

If you wish to make a change in the format to an individual cell or 
group of cells you can just select the cells (hold down the left mouse
 button while dragging over the cells) and then choose Cells from under
 the Format Menu.  If you wish to make a change to the entire sheet you 
can select the square in the upper left hand corner of the sheet (upper
 left corner of A1 Cell) this will select every cell in the sheet.  
You can also select individual rows or columns by simply selecting
 the appropriate row number or column heading with the mouse.  For 
example, placing the mouse over Column B and pushing the left mouse 
button selects all of the cells in Column B.  

CELL CONTENTS
A cell may contain text, numbers, cell references, or equations.  To 
input text or a number, move to the desired cell and simply type the 
desired text or number.  The contents of the cell will appear in the 
Equation Window just above the column headings.  If you make an error
 while you are typing or wish to change the contents you may place the
 cursor in the Equation Window and change the contents directly.  

A cell may also contain a numeric equation with operators +, -, *(multiplication)
, / (division), or ^(exponent).  When you putting an equation into a cell,
 however, you need to precede the expression with =, otherwise Excel will
 take this as a text string.  You can also have a cell reference for the 
contents of a cell.  For example, if you are in cell D1 and type =C8 for 
the contents of a cell, Cell D1 will display the contents of cell C8.
The real power of cell referencing however is using the cell reference
 in an equation.  For example, if "=5*C8+2" is the contents of cell D1,
 Excel will take the contents of cell C8 and multiply it by 5 and add 2.

CELL COPYING
You can copy the contents of one cell  to another cell by highlighting
 the desired cell (or cells) and selecting Copy from under the Edit Menu
 (also in the quick reference panel with right mouse button), and then 
pasting the contents in another cell.  An important aspect of cell copying
 however will depend on any cell referencing  which is contained in the 
copied cell.  This will be outlined below.  

CELL REFERENCING in EQUATIONS
The ability to reference cells in an equation is extremely powerful, 
however it is important to become familiar with the terms Relative 
Referencing versus Absolute Referencing.  In many instances when you
 type an equation into Excel you will want to copy that equation to
 other cells.  If the equations reference other cells the type of 
cell referencing will dictate what the copied equation will appear
 like in the new cell.  

Relative Referencing:  First consider relative referencing,

	Contents of Cell C3:  =3*B3+2

	Action:  	Copy C3 to C4
	New contents of C4: =3*B4+2

	Action:	Copy C3 to C7
	New Contents of C7: =3*B7+2

	Action:	Copy C3 to F3
	New Contents of F3: =3*E3+2

	Action:	Copy C3 to F7
	New Contents of F7: =3*E7+2

The above references are referred to as Relative References because 
in a formula they specify the address of another cell in relation to
 the address of the cell containing the formula.  

Absolute Referencing:  In contrast to a relative reference, and absolute
 reference specifies the exact location of a cell regardless of the
 position of the cell containing the formula.  We specify an Absolute
 Reference by placing a dollar sign in front of the cell addresses which
 don’t change: $B$3

For example:	

Contents of Cell C3:  =3*B3+$D$1

	Action:  	Copy C3 to C4
	New contents of C4: =3*B4+$D$1

	Action:	Copy C3 to C7
	New Contents of C7: =3*B7+$D$1

	Action:	Copy C3 to F3
	New Contents of F3: =3*E3+$D$1

	Action:	Copy C3 to F7
	New Contents of F7: =3*E7+$D$1

You can also have an absolute reference only on the column or row:

Contents of Cell C3:  =3*B3+$D1

	Action:  	Copy C3 to C4
	New contents of C4: =3*B4+$D2

Action:	Copy C3 to F7
	New Contents of F7: =3*E7+$D5

Once you enter a cell reference into the equation you can make the cell 
an absolute reference by hitting the F4 ( function keys at the top of 
the keyboard).  If the cell reference is D5, hitting F4 once gives $D$5,
 hitting F4 again gives $D5, hitting F4 again gives D$5, hitting F4 again
 gives D5.  

1. Introduction.

The objective of this lab to give you experience on using 
the Internet, Virus scanning software, and Microsoft Word.

2. Instructions

2.1  Internet.  Use the search features of Netscape to 
search for the following information.  What was the URL 
that you found the information on?
 
2.1.1  Who is the director and acting deputy director 
of the National Science Foundation?
2.1.2  What is the processor clockspeed for the 2300LS 
laptop computer (basic configuration) from Gateway 2000?

2.2  Virus.  Set up a shortcut to Norton AntiVirus for 
Windows NT (scan32.exe on //FISH/PubApps/VirusScan\WinNT) 
Start the program using your shortcut.  Scan "all the files" 
on a floppy disk.  Open up the Activity Log - you may need 
to change the location of the log file as your directory 
on the H:\ drive.  Print out a hard copy of the log and
 include it in the appendix of your lab report.  Summarize
 the concept of a computer virus.
 
2.3  Word.  Create a word document following the  format 
specified in the file Format.doc.  Use automated headings
 to fit the format of the questions asked (ie. If you are
 answering question 2.1.1 you may wish to have level 3 
headings).  Change the format styles so that each heading
 is Times New Roman 12 point font.   Generate an automatic
 table of contents.  Use the insert page numbers feature 
to add page numbers.

3. Deliverables.

Prepare your report as specified in the file Format.doc. 
 Submit your report to the TA at the beginning of your next
 lab meeting.

1. Introduction. 

The objective of this lab is to give you experience with 
PowerPoint and some of the graphical features in Word.

2. Instructions.

2.1 PowerPoint.  Use PowerPoint to create a flow chart of 
some real process.  Include start, process, input, output, 
and end structures.  Save the flow chart in your H:\ Drive
 (or to a floppy if your H:\ drive isn’t active). 

2.2 Create a word document for your report.  Transfer 
your flowchart from PowerPoint to Word using Clipboard.
  Give the Figure a caption and enclose the figure with
 a border.  

2.3  Use Netscape to get to the URL www.dailygrind.com.
  Go to the section on Espresso Machines, and then to 
the page on Gaggia Espresso Machines.  If you go to the
 bottom of the page, there is a table comparing some of 
the different machines.  For the 5 different machines, 
make a table in Word which will tabulate the Brew System,
 The Body Material, Weight, and the Price of the  5 
different machines.  Note: you can get the price from
 the description of the different machines on the same
 page.  
 
2.4  Use the Equation Editor in word to duplicate the
 following equation:
 






Aside from the Greek Letter p in the above equation, 
all other letters should be Times New Roman. You should
 be familiar with changing the font size in the equation.

3. Deliverables.

Prepare your report as specified in the course syllabus.
  Submit your report to the TA at the beginning of the 
next lab meeting.

The proctors will be holding office hours in the computer lab. 
 The proctors will either be in the computer lab, or will be in 
W129J which is a room in the ECC for proctors.


Monday 12-1p		Yujun
Tuesday 5-6p		Yujun

Thursday 	4-6p		Pracha

The report should be intelligible, neat, and free from grammatical,
 spelling, and formatting defects.  It is to be organized with the 
following general format:

		Title Page
		Table of Contents (if applicable/requested)
		Introduction
		*Problem Statement(s)
		*Description of Algorithm and flowchart (if applicable)
		*Solution code verification and validation (if 
applicable)
		*Results
		Conclusions
		References
Appendices - includes hard copy of input/output files and other 
pertinent information.


Comments on above formats:

Title Page - must include Lab number (Lab #2) and title, Laboratory
 Meeting Time, and Student name.

Table of Contents - This will generally only be requested on Lab 
number 3.  Most of the reports will only be 2-3 pages long and 
therefore will not require a table of contents.

Introduction - Brief statement(s) of the purpose and content of 
the laboratory assignment.

*Problem Statement(s):  The lab assignments will typically have 
some assigned tasks to be completed. 

*Description of Algorithm and Flowchart: In some assignments 
you will be asked to develop a program or to use an algorithm 
to solve a problem.  In these instances a flowchart and/or description
 of the algorithm may be applicable.  

*Solution Code Verification and Validation:  In cases in which you
 are writing a program, a validation/verification should be applied
 to different problems to ensure that the solution code and 
procedure is correct.

*Results: Presentation and discussion of laboratory results. 

Conclusions:  Summary of the laboratory assignment as well as 
any applicable conclusions which may be drawn from the results.

References: In cases in which you have referenced published 
material you should include a bibliography.  

Appendices: The appendix should include a hard copy of data, 
input/output files, hand calculations, and any other pertinent
 material.

*NOTE:  In many situations, the material above which has and 
asterisk next to it may be combined into one section.  For example 
in lab number three you are asked to find certain information on
 the internet.  In this situation, you can simple give the problem 
statement followed by the answer/solution, and then list the URL 
where you found the information.