Genetics 3301

Chapter 2: Mendelian Analysis

Mendelian Genetics:

Ä Characteristics of a good model genetic organism; characters (traits) and phenotypes (2-4); generations in a genetic cross (2-5); self cross and reciprocal cross; dominant and recessive phenotypes; 3:1 and 1:2:1 ratios (T2-1); Mendels deductions concerning inheritance of traits; heterozygotes (hybrids), homozygotes, alleles and genotypes.

Ä Dominant and recessive alleles and their molecular basis; crosses of plants that differ in two characters (2-10); 9:3:3:1 ratio (2-11); Punnett square and branch diagram; test cross; independent assortment; product and sum rules; probability of obtaining certain genotypes/phenotypes; number of progeny needed to obtain genotype/phenotype.

Ä Sex chromosomes and sex-linked inheritance; homogametic and heterogametic sexes; sex determination in humans and flies; sex linkage (2-24).

Human genetics:

Ä Pedigree analysis (2-12).

Ä Autosomal recessive disorders (2-13); rarity of autosomal recessive alleles; PKU.

Ä Autosomal dominant disorders (2-16); HD.

Ä X-linked recessive disorders (2-25); hemophilia (2-26a).

Ä X-linked dominant (2-28).

Ä Y-linked inheritance and TDF.

Ä Autosomal polymorphisms such as ability to taste PTC (2-20).

Cytoplasmic Inheritance:

Ä Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own genomes; All organelles are inherited from the mother; Phenotypes due to organelle function are always inherited maternally (2-31).

Key terms: Know all of these except cytoplasmic segregation, dioecious, prospitous, and SRY gene.

Problems: 2, 3, 7, 13, 14, 15, 17, 19, 23, 25, 26, 32, 37, 39, 51, 57.