Solution: (a) I ñ Iodine 53I; [Group 7A(17)] is a nonmetal that gains one electron to have the same number as 54Xe.
(b) Ca 2+ Calcium 20Ca; [Group 2A(2)] is a metal and loses two electrons to attain the same number as 18Ar.
(c) Al 3+ Aluminum 13Al; [Group 3A(13)] is a metal and loses three electrons to attain the same number as 10Ne.
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Problem: What monatomic ions do these elements form? a) iodine (Z= 53) b) calcium (Z = 20) c) aluminum (Z = 13)
Plan: Use periodic table to find how many electrons each must gain or lose to attain the no. of electrons in the nearest noble gas.
Skill 4. Predicting the monatomic ion formed from a main-group element
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