Phil. 3383 Dr. Cynthia Freeland Spring 2000

Common Themes in the Pluralists

A Parmenidean Metaphysics of Being

Anaxagoras line 30, no. 32, p. 50; 43, 44, 45

Empedocles 18, p. 46; 25 (Aristotle's explanation)

Democritus 6,7

Pluralism: Assertions of Plurality

Anax: 1, 27

Emped: 32, 33

Democ: 4, 5

Epistemology/Views on the Senses and Knowledge

Anax: Mind: 12, 13-14, 15; Senses: 21, 22, 8

Emped: 29, 31, lines 20-21 of 32, p. 50; 56, 57, 58

Democ: 4, 20 (sweet), 21, 22, 26, 27

Physics: Explanations of Composition/Change

Anax: Seeds, Homoiomeres: 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 25, 26, 12, 16

Emped: Four roots, two principles: 33, 36 (painters analogy)

Democ: Atoms: 3

Cosmology: Cosmic structure, order, origins, processes

Anax: 4, 5, 6, 10, 17, 14, 16 Rotation, mixture, separation, Mind

Emped: 32 (double story, Love and Strife, cycles), 48, 49, 50, etc.

Democ: Reason and Necessity: 1, 2, 10, 16, 17, 18, 19

Ethics

Anax: ?? (Mind?)

Emped: Love; avoid bloodshed and strife (see readings from Book of Purifications)

Democ: Balance and moderation 28-9, 31, 32

Five Principles of Homoiomeres

(G.B. Kerferd, "Anaxagoras and the Concept of Matter before Aristotle")

  1. No becoming
  2. Infinite divisibility
  3. Universal mixture
  4. Predominance
  5. Homoiomereity (all like parts)