This 'new' upper division biology elective is designed for students with preprofessional interests such as premedical, predental, prepharmacy and other allied health sciences, and prospective researchers in health-related professions. Although 'classical' endocrinology still thrives, recent advances in cell and molecular biology have revolutionized our understanding of  the complex hormone interactions in normal and diseased animals and humans. Endocrine disorders are causative of a host of pathophysiologies in humans, therefore, knowledge of Endocrinology and its clinical applications make it an exciting and valuable science.